The Independent Uganda: You get the Truth we Pay the Price
Problem of IGAD
Sudan from whom South Sudan seceded in 2011 is in a delicate transition after protests overthrew strongman Omar al-Bashir in April. Besides, tensions remain between the two countries from oil and border disputes to long standing rivalry.
From Ethiopia, the current Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed may have just won the prestigious 2019 Nobel Peace Prize but in South Sudan the Inter-Governmental Authority on Development (IGAD) which he currently chairs is far from securing peace. The IGAD comprises Djibouti, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Kenya, Somalia, South Sudan, Sudan and Uganda.
IGAD brokered the first peace deal between Kiir and Machar in 2015. It was signed by Sudan People’s Liberation Movement (SPLM), the ruling political party in South Sudan and SPLM-IO, its breakaway faction, to heal the divide created by the war that broke out in 2013.
Named the Agreement for the Resolution of the Conflict in South Sudan (ASSRC), it was praised by many South Sudanese citizens. Since then, however, Kiir’s government has been violating it with attacks on citizens it deemed to be opposition, causing mistrust and disillusion.
On September 12 2018, a new peace agreement – RARCSS was signed in Addis Ababa by President Kiir, SPLM-IO chairman Riek Machar, and by representatives of other political parties. It was signed by stakeholders from IGAD, AU and UN.
But according to research carried out earlier by the International Refugee Rights Initiative (IRRI), an organisation formed to inform and improve responses to cycles of violence and human rights violations, South Sudanese citizens lost trust in IGAD. They accuse IGAD of bias towards the government of Kiir and a failure to apply pressure on parties to adhere to RARCSS.
The research titled “Dialogue and Peace Agreements in South Sudan” says IGAD did nothing when Machar was detained in South Africa in 2017. The study says IGAD did not follow up on other provisions in the 2015 agreement.
The research published in November 2018 says some members of IGAD particularly Uganda and Kenya were partial – they were on the side of Kiir’s government because of business interests. The IRRI study also indicated that South Sudanese citizens regard the Comprehensive Peace Agreement (CPA) signed in 2005 as the “only successful peace agreement for South Sudan” in the country’s long catalogue of peace agreements.
The CPA was signed to bring peace between the government of Sudan and SPLM after decades of hostility.
South sudan includes the vast swamp region of the Sudd, formed by the White Nile and known locally as the Bahr al Jabal. The modern states of South Sudan and Sudan were part of Egypt under the Muhammad Ali Dynasty, later being governed as an Anglo-Egyptian Condominium until Sudanese Independence was achieved in 1956 from Great Britain leaving Lado which was one time under the Governor General Sir Samuel White Baker who was appointed by the Khedive of Ottoman – Egypty Ruler to adminster LADO as his Private owned Territory. After Great Britain together with the Ottoman ruling power over Egypt which still later got its Independence in 1923 becoming Independent Egypt, Great Britain still wanted to fully occupy Lado in their best Interest for the Europeans to occupy the Heart of Africa under the direction of Great Britain only —–, the former Lado – Equaroria Province of Egypt under the Ottoman Empire.
South Sudan issue can not be solved without including the Lado Political issue in Mother Continent Africa
The rest of story of Lado His – or its Story Lines , one can read on the web site views on Lado whereby King Leopold II got involved to take over Lado to be under him when the Europeans created later to colonise the whole Continent of Africa by the Berlin Confrence held in from 1882 – and concluded in 1885 at Berlin. Write more later